Clonal Transgenerational Effects Transmit for Multiple Generations in a Floating Plant

Environmental conditions of a parent plant can influence the performance their clonal offspring, and such transgenerational effects may help offspring adapt to different environments. However, it is still unclear how many vegetative generations transmit for whether depends on environmental offspring. We grew ancestor ramets floating Spirodela polyrhiza under high low nutrient level obtained so-called 1st-generation two types (from these environments). Then we each type 2nd-generation four types. repeated this procedure another five times analyzed growth, morphology biomass allocation 1st- 6th-generation ramets. found positive, negative or neutral (no) condition S. polyrhiza, depending number generations, environment traits considered. observed significant offspring; occurred all three (growth, allocation), but varied Our results suggest that multiple impacts vary